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The eagle and the lion : Rome, Persia and an unwinnable conflict

Goldsworthy, Adrian Keith2023
Books
The Roman empire was like no other. Stretching from the north of Britain to the Sahara, and from the Atlantic coast to the Euphrates, it imposed peace and prosperity on an unprecedented scale. Its only true rival lay in the east, where the Parthian and then Sasanian empires ruled over great cities and the trade routes to mysterious lands beyond. Despite their endless clashes, trade between the empires enriched them both. But by the mid-seventh century they had fatally weakened one another in a sapping cycle of wars. A new player on the Middle Eastern stage, surging out of the Arabian peninsula, would destroy Persian power utterly and inflict crushing territorial losses on the Byzantine empire.
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